Curriculum Vitae
W. Robert Fleischmann, Ph.D.

EDUCATION:  

9/62-6/66
B.S. in Biology, June l966
Capital University, Columbus, OH

9/66-1/72
Ph.D. in Viral Genetics, January l972
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

7/71-7/72
Research Area: Biochemical Genetics
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN

8/76-7/77
Research Area: Viral and Cellular Genetics (Interferon)
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX

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PROFESSIONAL AND TEACHING EXPERIENCE:

8/66-6/67, Teaching Assistant

2/70-6/70, Department of Biological Sciences

9/70-1/71, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

7/67-8/67, David Ross Summer Fellow
Department of Biological Sciences
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

9/67-6/71, National Institutes of Health Pre-doctoral Fellow
Department of Biological Sciences
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

8/71-6/72, National Institutes of Health Post-doctoral Fellow (GTG)
Division of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN

8/72-6/73, Visiting Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN

7/73-7/76, Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry
Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID

8/76-7/77, James W. McLaughlin Postdoctoral Fellow
Department of Microbiology
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX

8/77-8/80, Assistant Professor
9/80-8/86, Associate Professor
9/86-8/04, Professor
6/93-6/97, Graduate Program Director
Department of Microbiology and Immunology
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
4/03-7/04, Member, UTMB Cancer Center

9/04-present, Professor
Department of Urologic Surgery
University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
12/04-present, Member, Center for Immunology
1/05-present, Member, Cancer Center
1/05-present, Professor, Department of Microbiology
2/05-present, Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology

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RESEARCH ACTIVITIES:

Description of Research:

1. Development of a whole-cell tumor immunotherapy for melanoma.
2. Development of a whole-cell tumor immunotherapy for prostate cancer.

Current Grants:

1. Prostate Cancer Research and Education Foundation II: A protocol for vaccination against prostate cancer in mice; 8/1/01-open.

2. Department of the Army: Novel tumor vaccine for prostate cancer; 2/15/02-2/05; In extension due to move to U of MN.

Expired Grants:

Prostate Cancer Research and Education Foundation: A protocol for vaccination against  prostate cancer in mice; 7/99-7/00.

ICN Pharmaceuticals: Title withheld for confidentiality; 12/98-12/99.

John Sealy Memorial Endowment, New Creative Idea Grant:  Development of a novel  immunotherapy for tumors, 2/96-1/99.

National Institutes of Health NCI Research Grant 1RO1 CA50752-01 (P.I.):
Chronobiology  of Interferon Therapy; 4/90-2/95.

John Sealy Memorial Endowment, New Creative Idea Grant: Studies with    Orally Administered Interferon, 1/92-12/94.

Amarillo Cell Culture Grant (CoP.I.):  Application of Oral Interferon in Experimental  Therapy/Prophylaxis of Viral and Parasitic Diseases and Cancer; 10/90-9/91.

National Institutes of Health NCI Research Grant 2RO1 CA26475 (P.I.): Modulation of the Antitumor Effect of Interferon;  12/86-11/89.

American Cancer Society Grant IFN-3 (P.I.): Combination Therapy with   Interferon and  Hyperthermia; 7/87-7/88.

American Cancer Society Grant IFN-3 (P.I.): Combination Therapy with Interferon and  Hyperthermia; 7/85-6/87.

National Institutes of Health NCI Research Grant 2RO1 CA26475 (P.I.):  Modulation of the Antitumor Effect of Interferon; 12/83-11/86.

National Institutes of Health NCI Research Grant 1RO1 CA26475 (P.I.): Modulation of the Antitumor Effect of Interferon; 5/80-4/83.

UTMB Interferon Grant (P.I.); 9/83-8/85.

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PATENTS:

US Patent Nos. 4,950,470; 5,030,716; 5,082,659; 5,132,110: Methods and compositions employing interferon-gamma

US Patent No. 5,026,544: Methods and compositions for inhibiting the growth of neoplastic cells

US Patent No. 6,432,398: Methods of treating diseased cells

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COMMITTEE RESPONSIBILITIES:

A. National and International:

1. International Grant Reviews

• Reviewer for Foreign Currency Application, Fogarty International Center, Dec. 20, 1996
• Reviewer for Project Proposal, Ministry of Education, Science, and Sport, Republic of Slovenia, July, 2001

2. National Study Section Service

• Participation in a site visit for the NCI National Organ Site Program, Madison, WI, Oct 26-27, 1980
• Participation in a site visit for the NIH HDMC Study Section, Baltimore, MD, May 18-20, 1983
• Member, NIH Special Study Section, DRG, Washington D.C., Mar 26, 1984
• Member, NIH Special Study Section Z, SBIR, Washington D.C., 1986-90
• Member, NIH Special Study Section Y, SBIR, Washington D.C., 1990-92
• Member, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Pre-doctoral Fellowship Study Section, Washington D.C., Feb 6-7, 1995-97

3. Editorial Board Service

• Editorial Board, Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents, 1990-present
• Editorial Board, Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research, 1998-present
• Editorial Board, Antiviral Research, 1999-present

4. National and International Organization Service

• Publications Committee, International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, 1991-present (Chair: 1991-1994, 1994-1997, 1997-2000, 2000-2003, 2003-2005, 2005-present)

B. University of Minnesota:

1. Department of Urologic Surgery

• Research Safety Officer for the Department 2004-present
• DEA Licensee for the Department 2005-present

2. Medical School

• MED2010 Committee’s Subcommittee on Professionalism, 2005-present
• Search Committee for Senior Associate Dean for Duluth Medical School campus, 2006-2007
• Search Committee for Chair, Department of Urologic Surgery, 2007-present

 C.  Community

• Moody Memorial United Methodist Church, Galveston, TX
• Administrative Board, 1988-91, 1993-96, 1996-99
• Board of Directors, Community Life Center, 1996-99
• Galveston Academic Booster Club, Galveston, TX, 1994-2004
• President, 1995-1996, 1998-1999
• Fleischmann Foundation, President, 1997-present

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TEACHING RESPONSIBILITIES:

A.  University of Minnesota

1. School of Medicine

• MICRO 6205, Microbiology and Immunology for Students of Medicine, Lecturer: 2005-present
• Immunodeficiencies
• Type I Hypersensitivity
• Type II, III, IV Hypersensitivities
• Autoimmunity
• Immunology for Students of Medicine, Duluth campus, Lecturer: 2006-present
• The Immunology of AIDS

2. University of Minnesota Post-Graduate Medicine

•    Urologic Surgery Residency Program, Lecturer: 2005
• Molecular Genetics/Cancer Biology
• Immunobiology, Including Transplantation and Oncology

3. University of Minnesota Undergraduate Program

• MicB 4131 Immunology, Lecturer: 2005-present
• Cytokines I
• Cytokines II
• Cytokine Receptors

B. PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

• Short course in Virology, January 2007
• Short course in Immunology, January 2007

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SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES:

American Society for Microbiology
American Society for Virology
International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Sigma Xi
New York Academy of Sciences
Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

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HONORS:

• Student at Precollege Biology Training Program, Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, 1960
• University Scholar, Capital University, Sept 62- June 66
• “Distinguished Teaching Award”, University of Texas Medical Branch Graduate Student Organization, May 1982
• “Distinguished Teaching Award”, University of Texas Medical Branch Graduate Student Organization, May 1990
• Class of 1947 “Excellence in Teaching Award” for 2000-2001, School of Medicine, Awarded 10/26/01
• “Continued Excellence in Teaching” Award, School of Medicine, Awarded 10/11/02
• Faculty Marshall, School of Medicine Commencement, 05/24/03
• Recognized for outstanding Problem-Based Learning facilitation by the Great Syndromes course, 1999-2000
• Recognized for outstanding laboratory teaching by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 1999-2000
• Recognized for outstanding Problem-Based Learning facilitation by the Molecules, Cells, Tissues course, 2000-2001
• Recognized for outstanding laboratory teaching by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 2000-2001
• Recognized for outstanding lecturing by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 2000-2001
• Recognized for outstanding laboratory teaching by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 2001-2002
• Recognized for outstanding lecturing by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 2001-2002
• Recognized for outstanding Problem-Based Learning facilitation by the Great Syndromes course, 2001-2002
• Recognized for outstanding lecturing by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 2002-2003
• Recognized for outstanding laboratory teaching by the Pathobiology and Host Defenses course, 2002-2003
• Invited by the Government of India to serve as Visiting Scientist From Abroad at PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, January 6-26, 2007

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INVITED LECTURES:

Southwestern Cancer Research Association Meeting, Ardmore, OK, 10/24/80

Southeastern Cancer Research Association Symposium on Interferon, Atlanta, GA, 11/13/80

Southwest Surgical Society, Galveston, TX, 01/29/81

German Foundation for Cancer Research Symposium on Interferon, Bonn, Germany, March 13-15, 1981

Pasteur Society, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 04/07/83

Dept of Microbiology, West Virginia University, Medical Center, Morgantown, WV, 12/05/84

Symposium on Advanced Melanoma and Interferons: Insights, Limitations, and Expectations at the First International Congress on Melanoma, Venice, Italy, 05/07/85

International Symposium on the Interferon System, Rome, Italy, May 8-11, 1985

Dept of Microbiology, The University of Kansas, College of Health Sciences and Hospital, Kansas City, KS, 09/19/85

Dept of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 11/07/85

Biology Department, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, 01/20/86

Yugoslav Colloquium on Interferon, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, May 19-20, 1986

Dept of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, D.C., 05/21/87

Dept of Microbiology, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Worth, TX, 08/24/87

Dept of Microbiology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH, 10/05/87

Dept of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 02/02/89

Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY, 02/14/89

Dept of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 02/20/89

Dept of Microbiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 03/05/90

Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 03/02/92

Institute of Oncology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 06/08/93

Selected Topics in Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 06/11/93

Dept of Medical Microbiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NB, 12/06/93

Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 02/16/94

Co-chair and invited speaker, Selected Topics in Microbiology, 50th Anniversary Celebration of the Institute of Microbiology, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 29-30, 1995

ICN Pharmaceuticals, Los Angeles, CA, 07/06/98

2nd Congress of Slovenian Microbiologists with International Participation, Portoroz, Slovenia, Sept 27-30, 1998

Department of Microbiology/ASM Student Association, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 03/05/99

Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 05/18/99

Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 09/06/00

Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, NY, 10/16/01

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Students Society, University of Texas, Austin, Tx, 03/26/03

Western University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA, 03/09/04

University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 04/22/04

Session Chair, Symposium on Tumor Immunology and Immunomodulation, 2nd Slovene Immunology Congress with International Participation, Portoroz, Slovenia, 10/21/004

Purdue University, Department of Biological Sciences Simon Symposium, 03/08/06

University of Minnesota, Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Seminar Series, 03/20/06

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EDITORIAL DUTIES:

Reviewer, Journal of Immunology
Reviewer, Journal of Interferon Research
Reviewer, Journal of Immunotherapy
Reviewer, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
Reviewer, American Journal of Medicine
Reviewer, Cancer Research
Reviewer, Science
Reviewer, Viral Immunology
Reviewer, Antiviral Research
Reviewer, Hepatology
Reviewer, Diabetologia
Reviewer, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

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PUBLISHED ARTICLES:

1.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Miller, H.K., and Skavaril, R.V.  A laboratory investigation of maturation in the Cuban burrowing cockroach Byrsotria fumigata (Guerin). Ohio Journal of Science 68:11-17.  1968.

2.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Simon E.H.  Effect of interferon on virus production from isolated single cells. J. gen. Virol. 20:127-137.  1973.

3.  Chang, T.T., Simon, E.H., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  The mechanism of interferon action in single cells: Accumulation of intracellular virus. J. gen. Virol. 20:139-149.  1973.

4. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Simon, E.H.  Mechanism of interferon induction by NDV: A monolayer and single cell study. J. gen. Virol.  25:337-349.  1974.

5. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Priming of interferon action. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 35: 316-325.  1977.

6. Dianzani, F., Salter, L., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Zucca, M.  Immune interferon activates cells more slowly than does virus-induced interferon.  Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 159:94-97.  1978.

7. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.,  Georgiades, J.A., Osborne, L.C., and Johnson, H.M.   Potentiation of interferon activity by mixed preparations of fibroblast and immune interferon.  Infect. Immun. 26:248-253.  1979.

8. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Georgiades, J.A., Osborne, L.C., Dianzani, F., and Johnson, H.M.  Induction of an inhibitor of interferon action in a mouse lymphokine preparation.  Infect. Immun. 26:949-955.  1979.

9.    Baron, S. Blalock, J.E., Dianzani, F., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Georgiades, J., Johnson, H.M., and Stanton, G.J.  Interferon: Antiviral, immunoregulatory, and anticellular activities.  In: M.R. Proffit (ed.).  Virus-lymphocyte interactions: Implications for disease.  New York: Elsevier North Holland, Inc, 1-16.  1979.

10. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Kleyn, K., and Baron, S.  Potentiation of antitumor effect of virus-induced interferon by mouse immune interferon preparations.  JNCI 65: 963-966.  1980.

11. Fleischmann, W. R. Jr., Lefkowitz, E.J., Georgiades, J.A., and Johnson, H.M.  Production and function of an inhibitor of interferon action found in mouse lymphokine preparations.  In: A. Khan, N.O. Hill, and G. Dorn (eds.).  Interferon: Properties and clinical uses. Dallas: Leland Fikes Foundation Press, 195-210.  1980.

12.  Baron, S., Blalock, J.E., Dianzani, F., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Georgiades, J.A., Johnson, H.M., and Stanton, G.J.  Immune interferons:  Some properties and functions.  In: J.  Vilcek, I. Gresser, and T.C. Merigan (eds.).  Regulatory functions of interferons.  New York: The New York Academy of Sciences, 79-98.  1980.

13. Brysk, M.M., Tschen, E.H., Hudson, R.D., Smith, E.B., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Black, H.S.  The activity of interferon on U-V light induced squamous carcinomas in mice.  J. Amer. Acad. Dermat. 5:61-63.  1981.

14. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Baron, S.  Interferon and cancer.  In: R.T. Acton and G.B. Humphrey (eds.).  Pediatric Oncology, Vol. I.  The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff BV, 79-98.  1981.

15.  Dianzani, F., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Georgiades, J.A., and Monahan, T.M.  Immune interferon: Potential for cancer therapy.  In: E. Hersh and M. Mastrangelo (eds.). Augmenting agents in cancer therapy: Current status and future prospects.  New York: Raven Press, 239-252.  1981.

16.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Potentiation and inhibition of interferon action- antiviral and antitumor studies.  Med. Pediat. Oncol. 9: 89-92.  1981.

17.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Schwarz, L.A.  Potentiation of the antiviral and antitumor actions of interferon.  In: S. Peska (ed.).  Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 79.  Interferons: Part B.  New York:  Academic Press, 432-440.  1981.

18.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Lefkowitz, E.J.  Assay and characterization of an inhibitor of interferon action.  In: S. Pestka (ed.).  Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 79.  Interferons: Part B.  New York: Academic Press, 440-448.  1981.

19.  Baron, S., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Stanton, G.J.  Immune interferon as an antitumor agent.  In: A.L. Goldstein and M.A. Chirigos (eds.).  Lymphokines and thymic hormones: Their potential utilization in cancer therapeutics.  New York: Raven Press, 239-247.  1981.

20.  Baron, S., Tyring, S., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Klimpel, G., and Stanton, G.J.  Interferon: Multiple interactions with immunity.  In: K. Resch and H. Kirchner (eds.).  Mechanism of lymphocyte activation.  The Netherlands: Elsevier North Holland, 157-172.  1981.

21. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Potentiation of the direct anticellular activity of mouse interferons: Mutual synergism and interferon concentration dependence.  Cancer Res. 42:869-875.  1982.

22. Tyring, S., Klimpel, G.R., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Baron, S.  Direct cytolosis by partially purified preparations of immune interferon.  Inter. J.  Cancer 30:59-64.  1982.

23. Klimpel, G.R., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Klimpel, K.D.  Gamma interferon (IFN-)  and IFN-/suppress murine myeloid colony formation (CFU-C): Magnitude of suppression is dependent upon level of colony-stimulating factor (CSF).  J. Immunol. 129:76-78.  1982.

24. Klimpel, G.R., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Baron, S., and Klimpel, K.D.  Mouse bone marrow cells produce a different interferon (IFN) than do spleen cells in response to alloantigens.  J. Immunol. 129:946-949.  1982.

25. Weigent, D.A., Langford, M.P., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Stanton, G.J.  Enhancement  of natural killing activity by different types of interferons. In: N.O. Hill, A. Khan, and D.C. Dumonde (eds.).  Human lymphokines: The biological immune response modifiers.  New York: Academic Press, 539-550.  1982.

26.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interferon potentiation: Antiviral and antitumor studies.  In: K. Munk and H. Kirchner (eds.. ) Contributions to oncology, Vol. 11.  Basel: S. Karger AG, 53-62.  1982.

27.  Schwarz, L.A. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Potentiation of interferon action.  In: S. Baron, F. Dianzani, and G.J. Stanton (eds.).  The interferon system: A review to 1982.  Galveston: University of Texas Medical Branch Press, 298-306.  1982.

28.  Lefkowitz, E.J. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Control of the interferon system: An inhibitor of interferon action.  In: S. Baron, F. Dianzani, and G.J. Stanton (eds.).  The interferon system: A review to 1982.  Galveston: University of Texas Medical Branch Press,  317-323.  1982.

29. Schwarz, L.A. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interferon potentiation occurs at a pretranscriptive stage.  Infect. Immun. 39:159-163.  1983.

30. Weigent, D.A., Langford, M.P., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Stanton, G.J.  Potentiation  of lymphocyte natural killing by mixtures of alpha or beta with recombinant gamma interferon.  Infect. Immun. 40:35-38.  1983.

31. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Kirst, C.E., and Fleischmann, C.M.  Inhibition of the anticellular activity of mouse gamma interferon by an inhibitor of interferon action.  J. Interferon Res. 4:193-200.  1984.

32. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Schwarz, L.A., and Fleischmann, C.M.  Requirement for IFN-gamma in potentiation of interferon's antiviral and anticellular activities:  Identity of mouse and human systems.  J. Interferon Res. 4:265-274.  1984.

33. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Newton, R.C., Fleischmann, C.M., Colburn, N.H., and Brysk, M.M.  Discrimination between nonmalignant and malignant cells by combinations of IFN- plus IFN-/.  J. Biol. Resp. Modif. 3:397-405.  1984.

34. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Fleischmann, C.M.  Potentiating effect of murine interferon--containing lymphokine preparations on the antiviral and antiproliferative effects of murine interferon-/: Identification of the potentiation factor as murine interferon- itself.  Antiviral Res. 4:221-228.  1984.

35. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Fleischmann, C.M., and Fiers, W.  Potentiation of interferon action by mixtures of recombinant DNA-derived human interferons.  Antiviral Res. 4:357-360.  1984.

36. Schwarz, L.A., Fleischmann, C.M., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Potentiation of interferon's antiviral activity by the mutually synergistic interaction of MuIFN-/ and MuIFN-.  J. Biol. Resp. Modif. 3:608-612.  1984.

37. Tyring, S.K., Klimpel, G., Brysk, M.M., Gupta, V., Stanton, G.J., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and   Baron, S.  Eradication of cultured human melanoma cells by immune interferon and leukocytes.  JNCI 73:1067-1073.  1984.

38. Georgiades, J.A., Baron, S., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Langford, M.P., Weigent, D.A., and Stanton, G.J.  Immune interferon.  In: P.E. Came and W.A. Carter (eds.).  Interferons and their applications.  Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Vol. 71.  New York: Springer Verlag, 305-337.  1984.

39. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Klimpel, G.R., Tyring, S.K., and Baron, S.  Interferon: Antitumor actions.  In: G. Murphy (ed.).  Transplantation Proceedings, Vol. XVI, No. 2.  New York:  Grune and Stratton, 516-523.  1984.

40.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Klimpel, G.R., Tyring, S.K., Voss, W.R., and Baron, S.  Interferon and cancer:  Current use and novel approaches.  In: P.S. Sunkara (ed.).  Novel approaches to cancer chemotherapy.  New York: Academic Press, 1-22. 1984.

41.  Baron, S., Tyring, S., Klimpel, G., Barranco, S., Brysk, M., Gupta, V. and Fleischmann, W.R.  Jr.  Conditions for eradication of cultured tumor cells by interferon.  In: T. Kishida (ed.).  Proceedings of the International Symposium on Interferons.  Osaka: Japan Convention Services, 76-84.  1984.

42. Lefkowitz, E.J. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  An inhibitor of interferon action: I. Physical association of the inhibitor with IFN-gamma.  J. Interferon Res. 5:85-99.  1985.

43. Lefkowitz, E.J. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  An inhibitor of interferon action: II. Biological properties of the IFN--associated inhibitor of interferon action.  J. Interferon Res. 5:101-110.  1985.

44. Rose, J.M., Crowley, C.K., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Evidence that IFN-/ induces two antiviral states active against different viruses.  J. gen. Virol. 66: 1153-1158.  1985.

45. Baron, S. Tyring, S., Klimpel, G., Barranco, S., Brysk, M., Gupta, V., and Fleischmann, W.R.  Jr.  Marked cytolysis of human tumor cells by interferon gamma and leukocytes.  In:   R.J. Ford and A.L. Maizel (eds.).  Mediators in cell growth and differentiation.  New York:   Raven Press, 257-260.  1985.

46.  Baron, S., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Klimpel, G., and Stanton, G.J.  Effects of virus- induced interferons on the immune system.  In: N. Gilmore and M.A. Wainberg (eds.).  Viral mechanisms of immunosuppression.  New York: Alan R. Liss, 225-239.  1985.

47.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Fleischmann, C.M., and Gindhart, T.D.  Enhancement of interferon's antiproliferative activity by hyperthermia.  In: F. Dianzani and G.B. Rossi (eds.).  The interferon system.  New York: Raven Press, 319-325.  1985.

48. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Fleischmann, C.M., and Gindhart, T.D.  Effect of hyperthermia on the antiproliferative activities of murine , , and  interferons: Differential enhancement of murine gamma interferon.  Cancer Res. 46:8-13.  1986.

49.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Fleischmann, C.M., and Gindhart, T.D.  Effect of hyperthermia on combination interferon treatment:  Enhancement of the antiproliferative activity against murine B-16 melanoma.  Cancer Res. 46:1722-1726.  1986.

50.  Ramamurthy, V. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Regulation of interferon- activity in fibroblast cells.  Antiviral Res. 6:267-275.  1986.

51.  Koren, S., Klimpel, G.R., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Macrophage colony stimulating  factor (CSF-1) blocks the myeloid suppressive but not the antiviral or antiproliferative activities of murine alpha, beta, and gamma interferons in vitro.   J. Biol. Resp. Modif. 5:571-580.  1986.

52.  Ramamurthy, V. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Regulation of interferon induced antiviral states:  Contrasting profiles of decay in response to the removal of MuIFN-, MuIFN-, and MuIFN-.  J. gen. Virol. 67:1645-1652.  1986.

53.  Koren, S., Klimpel, G.R., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Treatment of mice with macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) prevents the in vivo bone marrow suppression induced by murine alpha, beta, and gamma interferons.  J. Biol. Resp. Modif. 5:481-489.  1986.

54.  Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Quantitation of in vivo potentiation resulting from combined interferon therapy:  Antitumor effect against B-16 melanoma in mice.  J. Interferon Res. 5:473-482.  1986.

55.  Ramamurthy, V. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Independent regulation of the antiviral states induced by MuIFN-/ and by MuIFN-.  J. gen. Virol. 67:2223-2226.  1986.

56. Baron, S., Tyring, S.,  Albrecht, C., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Klimpel, G., Bennett, A., Sarzotti, M., and Sanchez, R.  Complete cytolysis of cultured human tumor cells by IFN-gamma-treated human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBL).  In: F. Dianzani and G.B. Rossi (eds.).  The interferon system.  New York: Raven Press, 333-341.  1985.

57. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Potentiation of the anticellular and antiviral action of interferon.  In: C.M. Chadwick (ed.).  Receptors in tumour immunology.  New York: Marcel Dekker, 58-71.  1986.

58. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Mechanisms for enhancement of interferon activity.  In: B. Filipic (ed.).  Yugoslave Colloquium on Interferon.  Ljubljana:  Slovenian Microbiological Society, 1-7.  1986.

59. Koren, S., Klimpel, G.R., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  In vitro and in vivo evaluation of macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) as an antagonist of murine interferon's bone marrow suppressive activity.  In: B. Filipic (ed.).  Yugoslave Colloquium on Interferon.  Ljubljana:  Slovenian Microbiological Society, 9-17.  1986.

60.  Tyring, S.K., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Baron, S.  A convenient microassay for cytolysis and cytostasis.  In: S. Pestka (ed.).  Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 119.  Interferons:   Part C.  New York:  Academic Press, 574-579.  1986.

61.  Baron, S.  Hughes T.K., Sarzotti-Kelsoe, M., Klimpel, G.R., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Weigent D., Stanton, G.J., Albrecht, C. and Tyring, S.  Interferon-mediated cytolysis of tumor cells.  In:  R.M. Friedman, T. Merigan, and T. Sreevalsan (eds.).  Interferons as Cell Growth Inhibitors and Antitumor Factors. New York: Alan R. Liss, 447-453.  1986.

62.  Tyring, S.K., Albrecht, C., Brysk, M., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Baron, S.  Interferon-induced cytolysis correlates with the degree of transformation of epidermal cells.  J. Invest. Dermatol. 89:136-141.  1987.

63.  Naldini, A. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  In vivo myelosuppression by combination interferon treatment:  Antagonism of MuIFN- and MuIFN- myelosuppressive effects.  J. Biol. Resp. Modif. 6:546-555.  1987.

64.  Naldini, A., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Ballas, Z.K., Klimpel, K.D., and Klimpel, G.R.  IL-2 inhibits in vitro granulocyte-macrophage colony formation (GM-CFC).  J. Immunol. 139:1880-1884.  1987.

65. Baron, S., Dianzani, F., Stanton, G.J., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. The Interferon System:  A Current Review to 1987.  Austin:  The University of Texas Press.  1987.

66. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interferon: Synergism and/or potentiation by interferons and other  agents.  In: U. Veronesi, N. Cascinelli, and M. Santinami (eds.).  Cutaneous Melanoma: Status of Knowledge and Future Perspective.  London: Academic Press, 497-508.  1987.

67.  Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Koren, S.  The use of combination therapies to enhance interferon action.  In: S. Baron, F. Dianzani, G.J. Stanton, and W.R. Fleischmann, Jr. (eds.).  The Interferon System:  A Current Review to 1987.  Austin:  The University of Texas Press, 241-252.  1987.

68.  Baron, S., Dianzani, F., Stanton G.J., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Introduction- General considerations of the interferon system.  In: S. Baron, F. Dianzani, G.J. Stanton, and W.R. Fleischmann, Jr. (eds.).  The Interferon System:  A Current Review to 1987.  Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1-17.  1987.

69.  Stanton, G.J., Weigent, D.A., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Dianzani, F., and Baron, S.  Interferon Review.  Investigative Radiology 22: 259-273.  1987.

70. Ramamurthy, V., and Fleischmann W.R. Jr.  Regulation of MuIFN-/- and MuIFN--induced antiviral states:  Differential effects with different challenge viruses and lack of correlation with 2'5' oligoadenylate synthetase levels.  J. Biol. Regulators and Homeostatic Agents 2:7-14.  1988.

71. Cotton, G., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Baron S.  Effect of discovery learning on graduate students' critical thinking and course performance.  Educat. and Psychol. Res. 8:157-167.  1988.

72. Fleischmann, C.M. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Differential antiproliferative activities of IFNs , , :  Kinetics of establishment of their antiproliferative effects and the rapid development of resistance to IFNs  and .  J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 2:173-185.  1988.

73. Fleischmann, C.M. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Effects of hyperthermia on the in vitro antiproliferative activites of HuIFN-, HuIFN-, and rHuIFN-.  J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 2:145-154.  1988.

74. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Ramamurthy, V., Stanton, G.J., Dianzani, F., and Baron, S. Interferon: Mode of action and clinical applications.  In: R.A. Smith (ed.).  Interferon in the Treatment of Neurologic Disorders.  New York:  Marcel Dekker, 1-42.  1988.

75. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. Antitumor activity of interferon combinations.  Acta Medica Saliniana 17: 119-121.  1988.

76. Rakusan, T.A., Juneja, H.S., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Inhibition of hemopoietic colony formation by human cytomegalovirus in vitro.  J. Infect. Dis. 159:127-130.  1989.

77. Sunkara, P.S., Bowlin, T.L., Rosenberger, A.L., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Effect of murine -, -, and -interferons in combination with -difluoromethyl-ornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, on the tumor growth and metastasis of B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma in mice.  J. Biol. Response Modif. 8:170-179.  1989.

78. Isaak, D.D., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Cerny, J.  T-cells inhibit Friend murine leukemia virus infection of B-cells in vitro.  Cell. Immunol. 120:375-386.  1989.

79. Kotnik, V. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  A simple and rapid method to determine hematopoietic growth factor activity.  J. Immunol. Methods 129:23-30.  1990.

80.  Kotnik, V. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  IFN-alpha/beta, IFN-gamma, TNF alpha and combinations of IFN-gamma/TNF alpha as C57Bl/6 mice bone marrow cells proliferation inhibitors and differentiation factors.  Period Biol. 92:18-19.  1990. 

81. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Ramarathinam, N., and Fields, E.E.  Effects of phenytoin on the production of interferons:  Differential effects on type I and type II interferons.  J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 3: 107-116.  1990.

82. Thorpe, L.W., Fleischmann, W.R., Jerrels, T.R., and Perez-Polo, J.R.  Nerve growth factor (NGF) modulation of interferon-gamma (IFN) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) synthesis by cultured rat lymphocytes.  Molec. and Cell. Biol. of Cytokines 10: 523-528.  1990.

83. Fleischmann, C.M. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Resistance to the antiproliferative activity of IFN-:  Further characterization and demonstration of antagonistic effects of IFN-.  J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 5: 34-42.  1991.

84. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Fields, E.E., Wang J.L., Hughes, T.K., and Stanton G.J.  Modulation of peripheral leukocyte counts in mice by oral administration of interferons.  Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 197: 424-430.  1991.

85. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Chapter 43.  Viral Genetics.  In: S. Baron (ed.). Medical Microbiology, 3rd Edition.  New York: Churchill Livingstone, 585-592.  1991.

86. Baron, S., Tyring, S.K., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Coppenhaver, D.H., Niesel, D.W., Klimpel, G.R., Stanton, G.J., and Hughes, T.K.  Interferon: Clinical use, mechanisms and future potential.  JAMA 266: 1375-1383.  1991.

87. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Koren, S. and Fleischmann, C.M.  Orally administered interferons exert their WBC suppressive effects via a novel mechanism.  Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.  201: 200-207.  1992. 

88. Anjum, A. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Effect of hyperthermia on the antitumor actions of interferons.  J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 6:75-86.  1992.

89. Baron, S., Coppenhaver, D., Dianzani, F., Fleischmann W.R. Jr., Hughes, T.K., Klimpel, G.R., Niesel, D.W., Stanton, G.J., and Tyring, S.K. (eds.) IFN: Principles and Medical Applications.  Galveston: University of Texas Medical Branch Press.  1992.

90. Baron, S., Coppenhaver, D., Dianzani, F., Fleischmann W.R. Jr., Hughes, T.K., Klimpel, G.R., Niesel, D.W., Stanton, G.J., and Tyring, S.K. Introduction to interferons.  In: S. Baron, D. Coppenhaver, F. Dianzani, W.R. Fleischmann Jr., T.K. Hughes Jr., G.R. Klimpel, D.W. Niesel, G.J. Stanton, and S.K. Tyring (eds.)  IFN: Principles and Medical Applications.  Galveston: The University of Texas Medical Branch Press, 1-15.  1992.

91. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Fleischmann, C.M.  Mechanisms of interferon’s antitumor actions.  In: S. Baron, D. Coppenhaver, F. Dianzani, W.R. Fleischmann Jr., T.K. Hughes Jr., G.R. Klimpel, D.W. Niesel, G.J. Stanton, and S.K. Tyring (eds.)  IFN: Principles and Medical Applications.  Galveston: The University of Texas Medical Branch Press, 299-309.  1992.

92. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Circadian variations in myelosuppressive activity of interferon- in mice: Identification of an optimal treatment time associated with reduced myelosuppressive activity.  J. Exp. Hematol. 21:552-559.  1993.

93. Naldini, A., Carraro, F., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., and Bocci, V.  Hypoxia enhances the antiviral activity of interferons.  J. Interferon Res.  13:127-132.  1993.

94. Fleischmann, C.M., Stanton, G.J., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Prevention of resistance to IFN- antiproliferative activity:  Characterization of the effect of IFN- and substitution for IFN- by tumor necrosis factor.  J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents 7:50-57.  1993.

95. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Optimal circadian timing reduces the myelosuppressive activity of rMuIFN- administered to mice.  J. Interferon Res.13:187-195.  1993.

96. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Orally administered interferons exert their WBC suppressive effects through a suppression of bone marrow function.  Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 204:155-164.  1993.

97. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Circadian variations in antitumor activity of interferons in mice: Identification of a time when the therapeutic index is maximal.  J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1927-1932.  1993.

98. Jezersek, B., Novakovic, S., Sersa, G., Cemazar, M., Auersperg, M., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interactions of interferon and vinblastine on experimental tumor model melanoma B-16 in vivo.  Radiol. Oncol. 27:275-279.  1993.

99.  Novakovic, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Antitumor effect of interferon- administered by different routes of treatment.  Radiol. Oncol. 27:286-292.  1993.

100.  Jezersek, B., Novakovic, S., Sersa, G., Auersperg, M., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interactions of interferon and vinblastin on experimental tumor model melanoma B16 in vitro.  Anti-Cancer Drugs 5:53-56.  1994.

101. Fleischmann, C.M., Stanton, G.J., Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Enhanced in vivo sensitivity to IFN with in vitro-resistant B16 tumor cells in mice.  Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 39:148-154.  1994.

102. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Modulation of peripheral leukocyte counts and bone marrow function in mice by oral administration of interleukin-2.  J. Interferon Res. 343-347.  1994.

103. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Fleischmann, C.M.  Enhancement of MuIFN- antitumor effects by hyperthermia:  Sequence dependence and time dependence of hyperthermia.  J. Biol. Reg. Homeost. Agents 8:101-107.  1994.

104. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Viral infection and interferon.  In: R.R. McKendall and W.G. Stroop (eds.)  Handbook of Neurovirology.  New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 75-86.  1994.

105. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interferons in antitumor therapy:  Current status and future prospects.  Zdravniski Vestnik 63 (Suppl II):15-18.  1994. 

106. Koren, S. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Chronobiology of the interferon system.  Zdravniski Vestnik 63 (Suppl II):27-30.  1994.

107. Fleischmann, C.M. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Enhanced in vitro macrophage cytotoxicity against interferon-treated B16 melanoma cells.  J. Biol. Reg. Homeost. Agents 9:139-145.  1995.

108. Fleischmann, C.M., Stanton, G.J., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Enhanced in vivo sensitivity of in vitro interferon-treated B16 melanoma cells to CD8 cells and activated macrophages. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 16:805-812.  1996.

109. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Chapter 43.  Viral Genetics.  In: S. Baron (ed.). Medical Microbiology, 4th Edition.  Galveston: University of Texas Medical Branch, 555-562.  1996. 

110. Georgiades, J.A. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Oral Application of Cytokines.  Biotherapy 8:205-212. 1996.

111. Fleischmann, C.M., Wu, T.Y., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  B16 melanoma cells exposed in vitro to long-term IFN- treatment (B16 cells) as activators of host cell tumor immunity in mice.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 17:37-43.  1997.

112. Arany, I., Fleischmann, C.M., Tyring, S.K., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Interferon regulates expression of mda-6/WAF1/CIP1 and cyclin-dependent kinases independently from p53 in B16 murine melanoma cells.  Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233:678-680. 1997.

113. Arany, I., Fleischmann, C.M., Tyring, S.K., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Lack of mda-6/WAF1/CIP1-mediated inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases in interferon- resistant murine B16 melanoma cells.  Cancer Letters 119:237-240.  1997.

114. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Masoor, J., Wu, T.Y., and Fleischmann, C.M.  Orally administered IFN- acts alone and in synergistic combination with intraperitoneally administered IFN- to exert an antitumor effect against B16 melanoma in mice.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 18;17-20. 1998.

115. Wu, T.Y. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Efficacy of B16 melanoma cells exposed in vitro to long-term IFN- treatment (B16 cells) as a tumor vaccine in mice.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 18:829-839. 1998.

116. Beilharz, M.W. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Guest Editors, Special Topics Issue: Oral Use of Interferons and Cytokines.  J. Interferon and Cytokine Res. 19:813-979.  1999.

117. Houston, C.W., Dworkin, M., and Fleischmann, W.R.  20th Century Evolution of Microbiological Education.  ASM News 61:366-369.  1999

118. Beilharz, M.W. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Introduction.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 19:815.  1999.

119. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Koren, S.  Systemic effect of orally administered interferons and interleukin-2.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 19:829-839.  1999.

120. Wu, T.Y. and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  Murine B16 melanoma vaccination-induced tumor immunity: Identification of specific immune cells and functions involved.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 21:1117-1127.  2001.

121. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Wu, T.G.  Development of a vaccine against cancers.  Medicinski Razgledi 43 (suppl. 5):51-61.  2004.

122. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Wu, T.G.  Development of an interferon-based cancer vaccine protocol: application to several types of murine cancers.  In: D.J.J. Carr (ed.) Interferon Methods and Protocols, Totowa: Humana Press, 151-166.  2005.

123. Wu, T.G., Rose, W.A., Albrecht, T.B., Knutson, E.P., Konig, R., Perdigao, J.R., Nguyen, A.P.A., and Fleischmann, W.R. Jr.  IFN--induced murine B16 cancer vaccine cells: induction and accumulation of cell-associated IL-15.  J. Interferon Cytokine Res.  27: 13-22.  2007.

124. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr. and Wu,T.G.  Interferons and cancer: From interferon treatment to the use of interferon-treated cancer cells as vaccines.  Invited review, in press.

125. Fleischmann, W.R. Jr., Koren, S., and Wu, T.G.  Oral administration of interferons.  Invited review,  in press.

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